Legislation, segregation, and violence in apartheid-era South Africa

Abstract

The 20th century was a pivotal era in South Africa, deeply affected by capitalist growth and economic interests. The history is characterized by colonization and ongoing segregation, leading to sustained exclusion and denial of rights for indigenous and non-white populations. Existing literature underscores government policies promoting segregation, particularly after the official establishment of apartheid in 1948. The transition to democracy entailed challenges such as rebuilding the economy, reconciling divided ethnic groups, and overhauling institutions. Despite post-apartheid advancements, issues like poverty, inequality, and unemployment remain.