http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47002 Enero - Junio 2020 Fri, 15 May 2026 12:20:13 GMT 2026-05-15T12:20:13Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47009 “Grammar of Patriarchy”: Women and Elections in Kenya Mũtonya, Maina wa Th e Kenyan general elections of 2017 registered a marked improvement from the 2013 elections in the number of women elected to serve in diff erent capacities. Th e elections saw the fi rst ever women governors and senators emerge victorious from positions that were previously held by men only in 2013. Th is paper attempts to understand the grammar of patriarchy that stands in the way of women participation and engagement with elections. Drawing examples from recent events, the research argues that cultural traditions and the attendant stereotypes as well as the media perpetuate the patriarchal discourse that will have an overall eff ect on participation of women in politics. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47009 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47008 Uncovering language-in-education policy as a challenge to Tanzanian civic engagement Thomas, Jamie A. Language has long been an important dimension of civil society in Tanzania, where English is the language of secondary and tertiary schooling, even as the majority of people use Swahili. Femina Hip is a non-governmental organization (NGO) active in Tanzania with its popular magazine Fema. Th is paper examines how a 2011 Fema article ignited lively discussion of Tanzanian language policy and planning among students on study abroad from Austria, China, and other countries, and their Tanzanian professor of Swahili language and literature. Th eir discussion critiques the Fema article, and explores the conundrum of Tanzania’s language-in-education policy through personal refl ection. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47008 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47007 An overview of public interest litigation initiated by social movements in South Africa Bohler-Muller, Narnia; Olorunju, Nokuthula A variety of South African social movements have been active in driving social change, both during the anti-apartheid struggle and during the past 25 years of our constitutional democracy. Some of this activism has resulted in public interest litigation that addresses historical disparities. A selection of cases is used to illustrate the role of social movements in initiating public interest litigation in the South African courts, as well as an emerging jurisprudence around class actions. However, the limitations of the law should be recognized and litigation should not be seen as the only means of lawful political and socio-economic struggle. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47007 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47006 La sociedad civil como “espacio” de creatividad de la lucha social. La experiencia de Chad Varela Barraza, Hilda En este artículo no se pretende elaborar un estudio exhaustivo. Se busca una aproximación a una realidad ignorada y contribuir a desmitifi car el imaginario colectivo en torno a los distintos pueblos que conforman Chad: son seres humanos que han sufrido siglos de explotación, exclusión y violencia. En un contexto políticamente cerrado y represivo, algunos chadianos pugnan por conquistar su estatus de ciudadanos y crear espacios de discusión y lucha social, ante la ausencia de mecanismos de participación. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47006 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47005 Editorial Lucena Molero, Hernán Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47005 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47004 Unas palabras de presentación Mata, María Gabriela Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/47004 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z